經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期的手術(shù)室儀器設(shè)備維修，發(fā)現(xiàn)故障根據(jù)維修難易和故障大小，可分為復(fù)雜故障、中等故障和簡(jiǎn)單故障。經(jīng)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析：復(fù)雜故障的概率只有15%（如主機(jī)、主要電路壞），由于各種條件限制，這部分故障難以在手術(shù)室現(xiàn)場(chǎng)短時(shí)間內(nèi)完成，必須撤機(jī)維修。中等故障占25%左右，而簡(jiǎn)單故障卻達(dá)到60%左右，其中使用不當(dāng)或操作失誤引起故障占30%左右。無(wú)論何種故障，我們都必須懂得儀器的工作原理，憑借豐富的維修經(jīng)驗(yàn)技術(shù)處理。

　　After a long-term operation room instrument and equipment maintenance, it is found that the fault can be divided into complex fault, medium fault and simple fault according to the maintenance difficulty and fault size. According to statistical analysis, the probability of complex fault is only 15% (such as the main engine and main circuit are broken). Due to various conditions, this part of fault is difficult to be completed in the operating room in a short time, so it must be removed for maintenance. Medium fault accounts for about 25%, while simple fault accounts for about 60%, among which the fault caused by improper use or operation error accounts for about 30%. No matter what kind of fault, we must understand the working principle of the instrument and deal with it with rich maintenance experience and technology.

　　（1）攝像顯像系統(tǒng)常見的故障

　　(1) Common faults of video imaging system

　　（a）圖像有干擾。一般是因?yàn)橛秒姷兜雀哳l設(shè)備的時(shí)候?qū)€路產(chǎn)生干擾，這時(shí)候我們要檢查的是攝像頭與連接中的屏蔽線是否有接通。還有一種情況就是沒有使用高頻設(shè)備的時(shí)候也會(huì)出現(xiàn)干擾條紋，這時(shí)候是連接線信號(hào)線由于長(zhǎng)期使用，屏蔽層磨損。需要看是攝像頭的連接處出問題還是整條線體老化，前者需要重新焊接，而后者則需要更換連接導(dǎo)線了。目前更換原裝進(jìn)口的3m長(zhǎng)的連接導(dǎo)線價(jià)格在10000RMB左右。所以使用過程中盡量避免導(dǎo)線在地上被儀器車或手術(shù)車碾過。

　　(a) There is interference in the image. Generally, it is because the high-frequency equipment such as electric knife interferes with the line. At this time, we need to check whether the camera is connected to the shield wire in the connection. Another situation is that interference fringes will appear when the high-frequency equipment is not used. At this time, the shielding layer of the connecting line signal line is worn due to long-term use. It depends on whether the connection of the camera is faulty or the whole line is aging. The former needs to be re welded, and the latter needs to replace the connecting wire. At present, the price for replacing the 3M long connecting wire imported from the original factory is about 10000 RMB. So in the process of use, try to avoid the wire being run over by the instrument car or the operation car on the ground.

　　（b）圖像偏色。在白平衡后和排除其他配套設(shè)備的影響下都無(wú)法還原景物的顏色時(shí)，我們認(rèn)為可能是由導(dǎo)線老化信號(hào)傳遞缺陷引起的，也可能是攝像頭電路元件老化變質(zhì)，又或者是由攝像頭CCD老化引起。此時(shí)我們只需更換相應(yīng)的配件則可。

　　(b) Image skew. When the color of the scene cannot be restored after the white balance and the influence of other supporting equipment is excluded, we think it may be caused by the aging signal transmission defect of the wire, the aging deterioration of the camera circuit components, or the aging of the camera CCD. At this time, we only need to replace the corresponding accessories.

　　（c）攝像主機(jī)的故障一般少有發(fā)生。如果發(fā)生的軟件故障（程序故障）只能拿回廠家更換程序芯片了。

　　(c) The failure of camera host usually seldom occurs. In case of software failure (program failure), the manufacturer can only replace the program chip.

　　（2）影像記錄系統(tǒng)常見的故障

　　(2) Common faults of image recording system

　　（a）腳踏開關(guān)失靈。

　　(a) Foot switch failure.

　　（b）視屏連接線接觸不良。

　　(b) The connection wire of video screen is in poor contact.

　　（c）電腦硬件故障。

　　(c) Computer hardware failure.

　　（d）系統(tǒng)軟件或圖像采集軟件故障。

　　(d) System software or image acquisition software failure.

　　這些都是比較簡(jiǎn)單的問題,這里不再展開討論。

　　These are relatively simple problems. We will not discuss them here.

　　（3）光源系統(tǒng)常見的故障

　　(3) Common faults of light source system

　　a）光線發(fā)暗。排除了是光柵遮擋的原因外，基本可以肯定是燈泡接近使用壽命，更換新燈泡則可。氙光燈泡的使用壽命一般設(shè)計(jì)在500小時(shí)，如果光源系統(tǒng)有壽命計(jì)時(shí)裝置，這個(gè)問題就很容易解決。

　　a) The light is dim. Excluding the reasons for grating occlusion, it is basically certain that the bulb is close to the service life, and replacement of a new bulb is OK. The service life of xenon light bulb is generally designed at 500 hours. If the light source system has a life timer, this problem can be easily solved.

　　（b）開機(jī)燈泡不亮。如果排除了燒掉燈泡這個(gè)原因的話，那么問題常常就出在主機(jī)高壓點(diǎn)火電路部分，因?yàn)殚_機(jī)的時(shí)候機(jī)器會(huì)產(chǎn)生上萬(wàn)伏特的脈沖高壓，元件會(huì)老化得特別快。注意此時(shí)不能用萬(wàn)用表去檢查脈沖高壓。

　　(b) The light bulb does not work when the machine is turned on. If the reason of burning the bulb is excluded, the problem is often in the high-voltage ignition circuit of the main engine, because when the machine is turned on, tens of thousands of volts of pulse high voltage will be generated, and the components will age very fast. Note that the multimeter cannot be used to check the pulse high voltage at this time.

　　（4）人工氣腹系統(tǒng)常見的故障

　　(4) Common faults of artificial pneumoperitoneum system

　　（a）壓力顯示不正確。這多是氣體壓力傳感器損壞，如果機(jī)器設(shè)計(jì)有一組多個(gè)壓差壓力傳感器同時(shí)工作的，一般一個(gè)老化或者污染無(wú)法工作的時(shí)候，我們要把這組傳感器全部更換，否則只換其中一個(gè)，其他的同組的傳感器壽命也接近臨界了。

　　(a) The pressure display is not correct. This is mostly due to the damage of gas pressure sensor. If the machine is designed to have a group of multiple differential pressure sensors working at the same time, generally when an aging or pollution cannot work, we need to replace all the sensors in this group, otherwise only one of them will be replaced, and the life of other sensors in the same group is close to the critical point.

　　（b）流量不準(zhǔn)確。氣體流量傳感器損壞更換即可。有時(shí)候是通過壓差來計(jì)算流量的，這時(shí)候我們就要更換新的壓差傳感器。

　　(b) The flow is not accurate. Replace the damaged gas flow sensor. Sometimes the flow is calculated by the differential pressure. At this time, we need to replace the new differential pressure sensor.

　　（c）設(shè)備漏氣。很多情況是器械密封圈老化而引起的。但也有設(shè)備機(jī)械減壓閥漏氣和電磁閥損壞的原因，這個(gè)比較容易判斷出并對(duì)其進(jìn)行修復(fù)。

　　(c) Air leakage of equipment. Many cases are caused by the aging of the sealing ring of the instrument. But there are also reasons for leakage of mechanical pressure reducing valve and damage of solenoid valve, which is easy to judge and repair.

　　（5）液體加壓系統(tǒng)常見的故障

　　(5) Common faults of liquid pressure system

　　（a）蠕動(dòng)泵損壞。

　　(a) The peristaltic pump is damaged.

　　（b）液體壓力傳感器損壞。其原理基本與氣體壓力傳感器相同。

　　(b) The liquid pressure sensor is damaged. Its principle is basically the same as that of gas pressure sensor.

　　（c）設(shè)備內(nèi)部電路損壞。

　　(c) The internal circuit of the equipment is damaged.

　　（6）電凝電切系統(tǒng)常見的故障

　　(6) Common faults of electric coagulation and electric cutting system

　　（a）設(shè)備配件損壞。如腳踏開關(guān)，負(fù)極板導(dǎo)線，連接導(dǎo)線等常用的易損配件。

　　(a) Equipment accessories are damaged. Such as foot switch, negative plate wire, connecting wire and other commonly used vulnerable accessories.

　　（b）電切、電凝，雙極故障。在設(shè)備內(nèi)部，這些部分都由不同的電路模塊組成。我們可以根據(jù)其表現(xiàn)的故障現(xiàn)象對(duì)相應(yīng)的模塊電路進(jìn)行維修或更換。

　　(b) Electric cutting, electrocoagulation, bipolar fault. Inside the device, these parts are made up of different circuit modules. We can repair or replace the corresponding module circuit according to the fault phenomenon.

　　（7）動(dòng)力、消融系統(tǒng)常見的故障

　　(7) Common faults of power and ablation system

　　（a）動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)主要是刨削刀頭的磨損和刨削手柄中的高能電機(jī)出現(xiàn)問題，而電機(jī)的更換是有選擇性的，并不是每種電機(jī)都有更換配件的。因此在消毒和使用過程中要分外注意保護(hù)。

　　(a) The power system is mainly the abrasion of the planer head and the problem of the high-energy motor in the planer handle, and the replacement of the motor is selective, not every motor has replacement parts. Therefore, in the process of disinfection and use, special attention should be paid to protection.

　　（b）消融系統(tǒng)在手術(shù)應(yīng)用中主要是刀頭的損耗。而設(shè)備故障多為電路故障，一般從輸出部分著手。

　　(b) The ablation system is mainly the loss of the blade in the operation. Most of the equipment faults are circuit faults, generally starting from the output part.

　　（8）沖洗吸引系統(tǒng)常見故障

　　(8) Common faults of flushing suction system

　　（a）壓力或者吸力不足。設(shè)備中的雙向泵老化,或者負(fù)壓瓶漏氣。

　　(a) Insufficient pressure or suction. The two-way pump in the equipment is aging, or the negative pressure bottle leaks air.

　　（b）設(shè)備無(wú)法開機(jī),一般多為液體進(jìn)入設(shè)備,在沒燒壞相關(guān)部件的情況下清理干凈被錯(cuò)吸的液體就可以了。

　　(b) The equipment can't be started. Generally, the liquid enters the equipment. It's OK to clean up the liquid wrongly sucked without burning the relevant parts.