要想正確使用硬管內窺鏡就應該了解它的結構。目前世界上各個硬管內窺鏡生產廠的產品雖然光路不同、外觀不同，但是其基本結構都是一致的：由工作鏡管部分、結構部分、眼罩部分、光纜接口部分組成。結構主體部分、眼罩部分、光纜接口部分除了受到劇烈的磕碰一般不易受損。最容易損壞的部分就是工作鏡管部分。
In order to use the rigid tube endoscope correctly, we should understand its structure. At present, although the products of various hard tube endoscope manufacturers in the world have different optical paths and different appearances, their basic structures are the same: they are composed of working mirror tube part, structural part, eye mask part and optical cable interface part. The main part of the structure, the eye mask part and the optical cable interface part are not easy to be damaged except for severe collision. The most easily damaged part is the working mirror tube.
以φ4mm硬管內窺鏡為例：工作鏡管主要由四個部分組成：外鏡管、內鏡管、光學鏡片、光導纖維。光學鏡片放在內鏡管組成光學系統，光導纖維放在內、外鏡管之間負責照明。外鏡管是0.1mm厚φ4mm不銹鋼管，受到磕碰或擠壓都會變形。
with φ Take 4mm hard tube endoscope as an example: the working mirror tube is mainly composed of four parts: external mirror tube, endoscope tube, optical lens and optical fiber. The optical lens is placed in the endoscope tube to form an optical system, and the optical fiber is placed between the inner and outer mirror tubes for lighting. The outer mirror tube is 0.1mm thick φ 4mm stainless steel pipe will be deformed by collision or extrusion.

光學鏡片大部分是φ2.8mm長25mm左右的玻璃柱，受到輕微的磕碰和擠壓就會開裂、崩邊或者光軸偏移，我們常見的內窺鏡視野模糊、邊緣發黑多是此類原因。
Most of the optical lenses are φ The glass column with a length of about 2.8mm and a length of about 25mm will crack, collapse edges or offset the optical axis when slightly bumped and squeezed. Our common endoscope has blurred field of vision and blackened edges.
光導纖維是由極細的光學玻璃制成，一支φ4mm窺鏡要裝1500根以上，在外鏡管內受到外力回造成斷絲，影響光照度。硬管內窺鏡各機構的連接大都是用環氧樹脂膠粘接，膠的質量和封裝技術也影響窺鏡的使用壽命。硬管內窺鏡雖然嬌貴，但是只要能夠正確的使用和維護，就不會損壞。
The optical fiber is made of very fine optical glass φ More than 1500 4mm endoscopes shall be installed, which will be broken by external force in the outer mirror tube, affecting the illumination. The connection of each mechanism of hard tube endoscope is mostly bonded with epoxy resin adhesive. The quality of adhesive and packaging technology also affect the service life of endoscope. Although the hard tube endoscope is delicate, it will not be damaged as long as it can be used and maintained correctly.